An effective work/research proposal consists of the following elements:
ü Setting of work proposal工作提案建構 : 你工作提案的主題是什麼? 你的讀者可以明瞭工作提案的內容嗎?
ü Work problem工作問題 : 你的工作提案裡有你試著要解決或是想更進一步瞭解的問題嗎?
ü Quantitative specification of problem 問題的量化 : 你要如何量化問題來讓你的讀者明白之前文獻研究所遇到的量化限制 ?
ü Importance of problem問題的中心 : 如果問題沒被解決或是充分瞭解, 這對工作提案的讀者會有多大的負面衝擊?
ü Work objective工作目標 : 工作提案的目標 ?
ü Methodology to achieve objective 達成目標的方法 : 你的計劃中達成目標的步驟?
ü Anticipated results希望的結果 : 你希望達成的結果?
ü Contribution to field領域的貢獻: 你的提案對相關工作領域的貢獻?
Read the following work proposal from Writing Effective Work Proposals by Ted Knoy for a computer science-related (資訊科學相關分類) project:
Piecewise linearization algorithms are extensively used in
[ ( xxi )
nonlinear programming. For instance, trading companies
] [ ( xv )
attempt to minimize the costs of factory-vendor
transportation and ordering transactions. Such scenarios are
normally formulated in a nonlinear format. Conventional
algorithms can only obtain a local optimum in such scenarios.
However, the difference between local and global optima
leads to unexpected costs. However, piecewise
] [ ( ix )
linearization algorithms require too much time to obtain an
optimum solution. For instance, while the objective function
] [ ( xviii)
or constraint of a nonlinear problem is highly nonlinear, the
solution and performance is always inadequate. Additionally,
efficiency is more critical to the above problem than to
other costs. Many engineers spend much to purchase
equipment to solve their nonlinear problems in a relatively
short time. If piecewise linearization algorithms require
] [ ( xii )
more than 10 hours to obtain the optimal solution for general
nonlinear programming problems, then equipment-related
costs involved in obtaining the optimal solution are too high.
]
Related investigations can only formulate a smaller scale
[ ( vi )
problem that represents only a small part of an actual
situation. This outcome does not accurately reflect such a
situation involves simulation and other related costs.
Based on the above, we should develop an enhanced piecewise
[ ( xxiv)
linearization algorithm, capable of obtaining the global
optimum of a nonlinear model, for use in a web based
optimization system. To do so, a web-based optimization
] [ ( iii )
system can be implemented based on the enhanced algorithm
and using a dynamic linking library procedure. The system can
then be linked to many other mathematical methods, for
example, LINGO, to solve a nonlinear problem by
integrating concurrent methods. Next, user specified
problems can be stored in a database storage system.
Additionally, the solution can be derived to guarantee the
global optimum with an acceptable error rate. As
] [
anticipated, the enhanced piecewise linearization algorithm
( xvii )
can reduce the computational time required to solve a
nonlinear programming model to 50% of that required by
piecewise linearization algorithms. Such an improvement
not only significantly reduces computational time, but also
allows users to make more efficient decisions. Moreover, the
enhanced piecewise linearization algorithm can obtain the
global optimum in general nonlinear programming models
within a tolerable error and significantly increase
computational efficiency by decreasing the use of 0-1
variables. In addition to its usefulness in obtaining the
] [ ( xxx )
optimum solutions in fields such as medicine, biology and
science, the proposed algorithm can also provide the global
optimum with a tolerable error. Furthermore, through the
web-based optimization system proposed herein,
user-specified problems can be stored in a database and
used repeatedly. Via the proposed web-based system, the
enhanced piecewise linearization algorithm can be applied in
diverse fields such as medicine, biology and engineering.
Through the user-friendly interface of the web-based
system, users can easily and efficiently input their nonlinear
model.
Match the parts of a work proposal with the sentences in the above proposal.
1. Anticipated results希望的結果 in the above proposal can be found in
A. xiv
B. xx
C. xvii
2. Work problem工作問題 in the above proposal can be found in
A. ix
B. xii
C. vi
3. Contribution to field領域的貢獻 in the above proposal can be found in
A. xvi
B. xxx
C. xxi
4. Work objective工作目標 in the above proposal can be found in
A. xxiv
B. xi
C. xxx
5. An example of the work problem工作問題 in the above proposal can be found in
B. xviii
6. Setting of work proposal工作提案建構 in the above proposal can be found in
A. xxi
B. xv
7. Methodology to achieve objective 達成目標的方法 in the above proposal can be found in
B. iii
8. An example of the setting of work proposal工作提案建構 in the above proposal can be found in
A. xv
9. Quantitative specification of problem 問題的量化 in the above proposal can be found in
A. vi
C. ix
10. Importance of problem問題的中心 in the above proposal can be found in
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