The Chinese Online Writing Lab

1. Liver cancer has ranked as a leading cause of mortality in Taiwan during the past decade because of Taiwan’s unusually high incidence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C.

I A.  infrequency

B.  prevalence   

C.  rarity

2. Taiwan has over 10,000 fatalities annually from chronic liver hepatitis, cirrhosis or liver cancer, and 80 to 90% of those affected carry the Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C viruses.

A.  transient

B.  deep-rooted  

C.  fugacious

3. Individuals with Hepatitis B have a 150 times greater likelihood of contracting liver cancer than those without the virus, explaining the high levels of hepatitis associated liver cancer among Taiwanese.

A.  entanglement

B.  quandary

C.  verisimilitude  

4. Five major therapeutic methods are available for treating liver cancer:  surgery, including either therapeutic surgery or organ transplantation; blockage of blood flow, such as embolism of the liver artery; chemotherapy, including treatment for the entire body and interarterial injection; local injection, including injection of alcohol and glacial acetic acid; and temperature therapy, including microwave therapy, high temperature therapy and radiation therapy.

A.  recuperative  

B.  debilitative

C.  enervative

5. Radiation therapy is the most extensively adopted of these therapeutic methods. 

A.  commodiously  

B.  scantily

C.  meagerly

6. Advances in digital technology have led to 3D computer-animated control stations being widely adopted to treat various cancers using radiation therapy.

A.  relapses

B.  ascension  

C.  recidivism

7. Radiation therapy has advanced rapidly during the past decade: from CO-60 to 3D conformal therapy.  

A.  biennially

B.  annually

C.  ten years

8. Previously, surgery was the only therapeutic method of treating liver cancer.

A.  exacerbating

B.  coping with  

C.  aggravating

9. While the one-year survival rate following surgery can reach 80%, the five year survival rate is only 50%.

A.  sustenance  

B.  mortality

C.  fatality

10. Ultimately, survival rates depend on factors such as tumor position, size, degree of cirrhosis and meta situation.

A.  hazards

B.  perils

C.  considerations  

11. However, only 30% of liver cancer patients are suitable surgery candidates because hepatitis B and hepatitis C worsen the prognosis for cancer meta. Still, surgery is desirable for alleviating the adverse effects of irradiation and so enabling the radiation dose to be increased to 6600rad, thus achieving survival rates equaling those of conventional surgical therapy.

A.  result of 

B.  consequence of

C.  likelihood of   

12. Regular treatment is an essential part of liver cancer therapy, and patients must be treated twice daily.

A.  intrinsic  

B.  immaterial

C.  trivial

13. Such regular treatment can completely cure over 60% of sufferers.

A. defile 

B.  restore  

C.  mar

14. A novel therapeutic method, BID, attacks liver cancer cells with nearly twice the intensity of conventional approaches.

A.  attenuation

B.  magnitude  

C.  delicacy

15. Patients treated with BID receive irradiation treatment in the morning to damage the DNA of cancer cells; a subsequent treatment six to eight hours later further damages the DNA.

A.  ensuing  

B.  precursory

C.  anterior

16. BID is highly effective in terminating cancer cells but has certain limitations: the liver cancer must be smaller than 5 cm; cancer cells will still be present after surgery; and liver cancer tumors larger than 5-8 cm can not be treated.

A.  advantages

B.  merits

C.  impediments  

17. BID photon knife therapy has high efficacy and reduces damage to normal cells.

A.  ineptitude

B.  fragility

C.  potency  

18. Integrating BID with other therapeutic methods, including embolism, alcohol injection, surgery or chemotherapy, will ultimately reduce the incidence of liver cancer in Taiwan.

A.  retraction

B.  inoculation  

C.  rescission

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