計畫撰寫 (Work Proposals)


 
Exercise 43
I. Pre-Listening Exercise
II. Listening Exercise
III. Post-Listening Exercise


Purpose:

Outlining the work proposal (part one): describing the project background / 工作提案計畫(第一部份): 背景


 

I. Pre-Listening Exercise [Top]

Check the meanings of the following words and expressions:

  • conventional editors
  • plain text
  • user interface
  • editing
  • complex mathematical equations
  • spend excessive time
  • express
  • mathematical symbols

Consult page 1 of Writing Effective Work Proposals by Ted Knoy for some of these definitions.


II. Listening Exercise [Top]
1. Listen to the conversation by pressing the "Play" button and then answering the following questions. Press the "Final score" button to check your quiz results.


1. What is increasingly available on the Web?
A. statistical courses
B. mathematics courses
C. distance learning courses

2. What kind of mathematical equations do conventional editors have difficulty in editing?
A. long ones
B. complicated ones
C. complex ones

3. How much time do conventional editors spend in trying to express equations with many mathematical symbols?
A. too much time
B. not enough time
C. excessive time

4. How many mathematical symbols cause conventional editors to spend much time in expressing equations?
A. more than ten
B. more than eight
C. more than five

5. Which word is the most similar in meaning to “conventional”?
A. basic
B. traditional
C. rare


Score =

2. Listen to the story again as you read the audiotranscript on page 318 of Writing Effective Work Proposals by Ted Knoy.

III. Post-Listening Exercise [Top]
1. Read the audiotranscript with a partner or change some of the information to adapt it to your situation.

2. Outline the first part of your work or research proposal by describing the project background. View the accompanying two Power Point presentations on details of how to write this assignment.

3. Write four questions beginning with “Why” when recommending someone for advanced study, and then answer them. The question does not have to come directly from the listening exercise.
Example: Why do users spend excessive time in trying to express equations that include more than ten mathematical symbols?
Answer: Because conventional editors, using plain text as the user interface, cause difficulty in editing complex mathematical equations.
Example: Why have you decided to address the increasing number of distance learning courses on the Internet?
Answer: Because such courses lack feasible strategies to assess student performance

回計畫撰寫 Work Proposals